1.2 Lucid Emacs
Lucid Emacs was developed by the (now-defunct) Lucid Inc., a maker of
C++ and Lisp development environments. It began when Lucid decided they
wanted to use Emacs as the editor and cornerstone of their C++
development environment (called “Energize”). They needed many features
that were not available in the existing version of GNU Emacs (version
18.5something), in particular good and integrated support for GUI
elements such as mouse support, multiple fonts, multiple window-system
windows, etc. A branch of GNU Emacs called Epoch, written at the
University of Illinois, existed that supplied many of these features;
however, Lucid needed more than what existed in Epoch. At the time, the
Free Software Foundation was working on version 19 of Emacs (this was
sometime around 1991), which was planned to have similar features, and
so Lucid decided to work with the Free Software Foundation. Their plan
was to add features that they needed, and coordinate with the FSF so
that the features would get included back into Emacs version 19.
Delays in the release of version 19 occurred, however (resulting in it
finally being released more than a year after what was initially
planned), and Lucid encountered unexpected technical resistance in
getting their changes merged back into version 19, so they decided to
release their own version of Emacs, which became Lucid Emacs 19.0.
The initial authors of Lucid Emacs were Matthieu Devin, Harlan Sexton,
and Eric Benson, and the work was later taken over by Jamie Zawinski,
who became “Mr. Lucid Emacs” for many releases.
A time line for Lucid Emacs is
- version 19.0 shipped with Energize 1.0, April 1992.
- version 19.1 released June 4, 1992.
- version 19.2 released June 19, 1992.
- version 19.3 released September 9, 1992.
- version 19.4 released January 21, 1993.
- version 19.5 was a repackaging of 19.4 with a few bug fixes and
shipped with Energize 2.0. Never released to the net.
- version 19.6 released April 9, 1993.
- version 19.7 was a repackaging of 19.6 with a few bug fixes and
shipped with Energize 2.1. Never released to the net.
- version 19.8 released September 6, 1993.
- version 19.9 released January 12, 1994.
- version 19.10 released May 27, 1994.
- version 19.11 (first XEmacs) released September 13, 1994.
- version 19.12 released June 23, 1995.
- version 19.13 released September 1, 1995.
- version 19.14 released June 23, 1996.
- version 20.0 released February 9, 1997.
- version 19.15 released March 28, 1997.
- version 20.1 (not released to the net) April 15, 1997.
- version 20.2 released May 16, 1997.
- version 19.16 released October 31, 1997.
- version 20.3 (the first stable version of XEmacs 20.x) released November 30,
1997.
- version 20.4 released February 28, 1998.
- version 21.1.2 released May 14, 1999. (The version naming scheme was
changed at this point: [a] the second version number is odd for stable
versions, even for beta versions; [b] a third version number is added,
replacing the "beta xxx" ending for beta versions and allowing for
periodic maintenance releases for stable versions. Therefore, 21.0 was
never "officially" released; similarly for 21.2, etc.)
- version 21.1.3 released June 26, 1999.
- version 21.1.4 released July 8, 1999.
- version 21.1.6 released August 14, 1999. (There was no 21.1.5.)
- version 21.1.7 released September 26, 1999.
- version 21.1.8 released November 2, 1999.
- version 21.1.9 released February 13, 2000.
- version 21.1.10 released May 7, 2000.
- version 21.1.10a released June 24, 2000.
- version 21.1.11 released July 18, 2000.
- version 21.1.12 released August 5, 2000.
- version 21.1.13 released January 7, 2001.
- version 21.1.14 released January 27, 2001.